The termites or “white ants” found in Upstate NY and throughout most of North America are Eastern Subterranean Termites. The subterranean termite is by far the most destructive termite species. These termites live in underground colonies or in moist secluded areas above ground. Termites feed on plant matter and products made of cellulose which explains their attraction to wood. By using their hard saw-toothed jaws like shears they are able to bite off extremely small fragments of wood, one piece at a time which puts structures that include wood at risk for termite damage. Termite colonies will not only damage the structural integrity of homes, but they can collapse a building entirely over time if left untreated. Termites cause over two billion in property damage within the United States each year.

What Are Common Signs Of Termites?

Mud (shelter) tubes in basements or along foundation walls are signs that termites are present. Shelter tubes made of dirt and saliva are constructed by termites to protect themselves from open air while gaining access to food sources. At times, usually in the Spring, termites will try to establish new colonies. Special black termites with wings are the colonists. Seeing flying black termites or their cast off wings is a sign of termite infestation.

Prevention Tips

• Termites are attracted to damp wood so avoid water accumulation near your homes foundation. Divert water away from your home with properly functioning down spouts and gutters.
  
  
• Reduce humidity in crawlspaces with proper ventilation.
  
  
• Never bury wood scraps or waste lumber in your yard.
  
  
• Remove piles of leaves, fallen trees and logs.

The Termite Caste System

The reproductive members, also known as the kings and queens are brown or black in color, have wings and are the largest termites in the colony.

The worker members make up a majority of the colony and they are creamy white in color, blind and wingless. They have the duty of foraging for food and water, constructing and repairing shelter tubes, and care for the eggs and young.

Soldier members only make up about 1-2% of the colony. They are also white in color and wingless, they resemble the worker caste but they have mandibles. The primary function of the soldier caste is to defend the colony.